r/emptynosesyndrome

I’d like to start this post with my surgical timeline

July 30th, 2025: Bilateral Inferior SMR/out fracture and septoplasty.

November 6, 2025: Bilateral CELON radio frequency turbinate reduction and bilateral CELON radio frequency internal nasal valve repair

December 13th, 2025: Bilteral Markey Stitching Suture internal nasal valve repair and septoplasty revision

February 26, 2026: Bilateral extended spreader grafts, lateral crural strut grafts, alar rim grafts, unilateral (r-sided) SMR, unilateral (r-sided) scar adhesion removal, and tertiary Septoplasty.

I have been against turbinate reductions from the start, every doctor insured me it would be fine and that they were still very obstructive to my airflow. Each one I believe were very conservative in reductions. I had nasal vestibular stenosis from the non-fda approved valve repairs. I started experiencing paradoxical sensations before surgery even began, nasal cycle, one side open and switches. So, the most important timeline has been this last one. I could not feel air all too well with stents in, there was a point where I would literally feel nothing. Stents came out on day 7, what I immediately noticed was that my left valve was “touching” and that constant sensation didn’t go away. I let it heal and wore silcone nasal dilators for 6 weeks to prevent cartilage memory takeover. Day 19 I contracted COVID, and didn’t start blowing my nose until day 22. Honestly, the only difference is that my nose would constantly run. Recovered fairly quickly. From when I got my stents out, mucus/crusting would stick to the roof area near where my internal nasal valve would begin. Entrance to nose is very dry and I had to reach my pinky up there to feel the slightest bit of moisture. Still felt air and the nasal cycle. One random night during week 7, I stopped feeling air and the nasal cycle. Cottle maneuver moves my still collapsed valves to the side, but doesn’t provide any better airflow like it would previously. Neither dilators or external strips. Minor scabbing on roof and little bit of blood. Rinses, gel, and humidifier make it very slightly better, if any at all. I have had panic attacks, during the day and at night. It doesn’t feel like there is any resistance. Even when I sharply inhale and my valves collapse, the sensation of air doesn’t change. My throat lodges up too and is dry. Occasionally a sore throat too. Even though I’m not sick. I have to manually breathe, I did before but not with every breath. I would say nasal dryness is a 1-2, crusting 1, suffocation 4, diminished airflow 4, too open 1, and nasal burning 0-1. I just started having a tad bit of burning. It was gradually getting better and suddenly it got flipped. Lastly, I would sleep in a freezing cold room before all this started. It felt great, it felt like the cold was hitting everywhere it needed to. Especially with the dilators in to prop up my internal valves. I am scheduled to see my surgeon, Dr. Bahman Guyuron and Dr. Steven Houser here soon. This seems to get a lot worse when my anxiety peaks, and I can’t calm myself by breathing. Especially my for my throat. I think the nasal cycle still switches, but it is not noticeable. Does this sound like anyone else’s timeline? Does it sound like Empty Nose Syndrome? Nothing helps my valves/sensation anymore, despite dilators and extremely cold air about maybe 1-2 weeks ago. I don’t think the valve stenosis is getting worse anymore either. What has happened? Anyone have any knowledgeable insight to share that I am unaware about?

Edit: Forgot to include hyperventilation too. And when I stop manually breathing, it feels like I need air instantly again.

Hi everyone,

I am due to undergo a septoplasty to rectify a pretty severe deviation, my entire septum is past the midline and currently inside my left nostril.

At the same time ENT want to remove polyps (mostly from my right nostril which I thought was my good nostril but apparently not) and widen the connections between my sinuses.

I wasn’t really briefed in depth on the risks of the surgery. They were stated as bleeding,infection, septal perforation, CSF leak and if I wanted to know more to look at the NHS website.

After doing that and some research online I found the most concerning of the risks to be empty nose syndrome ENS, but was surprised I hadn’t been told about it.

From reading up I’ve come to the assumption it can happen to anybody with any kind of septum surgery, doesn’t matter if the turbinates are touched or not, but when calling my ENT to discuss it he simply said it’s impossible, we aren’t touching your turbinates so there is no risk.

Am I over thinking the risk or misunderstanding it? I feel like the improvement to my breathing would be substantial as I have 100% mouth breathed for the last 14 years since I had my nose broken however I don’t really feel like a potential life changing and irreparable condition is worth the risk as I don’t think I could take my breathing getting any worse than it already is.

Any advice would be greatly appreciated and anyone from the UK who has undergone or knows about how the surgery goes and risks with how we do it over here would be really helpful also.

Thanks in advance!

Hello everyone. I’m a male in my 30s currently struggling with chronic nasal congestion and vasomotor rhinitis. I’ve been researching Empty Nose Syndrome (ENS) and have a question regarding its pathophysiology.

Since ENS isn't fully defined medically, I'm curious about your perspective:

1. Is it primarily a structural issue where excessive reduction of the inferior turbinate disrupts aerodynamics (e.g., failing to create necessary turbulence)?
2. Or is it caused by nerve damage within the turbinate mucosa?

From my studies so far, it seems the physical loss of turbinate volume is the main culprit. I haven’t come across any cases of "ENS with intact volume" caused solely by nerve damage.

What are your thoughts or experiences on this? I’d love to hear your opinions.

This is not soft tissue, but bone. Because of my septum deviating to the right side, my left side inferior turbinate bone has remodelled due to the extra space.

Surgery seems like the only option. Bone isn't going to respond to sprays etc

Are there alternatives?

I posted a week or so ago for the first time and got some helpful feedback, so thought I’d follow up and ask for some more advice.

Basically, I had a septorhinoplasty back in September 2022 to resolve chronic breathing issues I’d had my whole life. My dorsal hump was notably shaved down and the excess cartilage was used to create something of a permanent make-shift breathe-right strip in the middle of my nose. I previously had nasal valve collapse, so it resolved that issue. They also put in some grafts to give the tip of my nose more structure. I also had a septoplasty (I had a very deviated septum) and a submucosal resection with lateral out-fracture.

The surgery was a success after the splints were taken out a week later. I more or less felt “normal” for about a year and a half. Fast forward to around spring 2024, and I catch COVID for the first time. A few weeks afterwards, I start developing a constant, severe headache on the left side of my head. A month or two later and it goes away, but I then develop a constant (legitimately 24/7) sense of squeezing/pressure (not painful) on the bridge of my nose. Additionally, my nose would run frequently, particularly when I ate and with temp change.

It’s been 2 years and this feeling has not gone away. I’ve seen 5 ENTs and had 4 nasal endoscopies as well as a brain mri and facial CT. The only thing noted was that my nasal passages are still a bit narrow (they were prior to surgery too) and my right inferior turbinate was hypertrophied.

I’ve tried numerous nasal sprays and so far, Ipratropium is the only thing that’s helped. It’s dried my nose out to the point to where it hardly leaks at all. Subsequent, the pressure has decreased quite a bit.

However, my right inferior turbinate is still frequently hypertrophied and I’m often congested.

I’ve been using a budesonide/saline mixture for a couple months, but I’ve felt little change. Afrin obviously helps, but I avoid it as much as I can. Astepro did nothing. When I use breathe right strips, I feel almost normal. It’s by far the most relief I get (along with the Ipratropium).

With all that said, besides the Ipratropium, is there any way to deal with this safely, long term? My surgeon suggested a repeat submucosal resection with lateral out-fracture, but admitted that I likely have some type of autonomic issue that may cause my turbinates to re-swell anyway.

I’m getting a consultation for a RhinAer procedure this week, but I’m not sold on it yet either.

I’ve read extensively on ENS and I want to avoid it at all costs. I’m trying to exhaust all my options before I consider surgery, but I just want relief.

TL;DR: what’s the ENS risk factor of SMR and RhinAer? Are their OTC/natural methods that may yield a similar, safer result for severe, chronic vasomotor rhinitis and turbinate hypertrophy?

About two and a half years ago, I had a septoplasty and turbinate reduction. I should point out that I have other autoimmune/allergy conditions that could complete the picture. The situation was really serious, and I had a hard time sleeping; I often had to breathe with my mouth open, especially in the winter and spring. My right nostril, in particular, was almost always blocked. I had the operation, and since then, my condition has improved. I'd say my breathing quality has gone from 30% to 60%. Now I can breathe decently, though still not great, but at least I sleep better at night. I'm writing because I still have some residual symptoms. My left nostril is practically perfect, but the right one continues to cause some problems. I have dryness, crusting, and little mucus, which translates into almost constant congestion in my right nostril. Most of the time, I breathe almost entirely through my left nostril, with a ratio of 85% to 15%. I always feel like I'm not breathing at my full potential. I know about alternating nostrils, and indeed sometimes they alternate and the left nostril closes a little and I finally start breathing through the right. In these cases, the airflow is a little worse, but I can still breathe, it's just that it happens a few times and they're almost never both open. Last night I was in exactly this situation (left nostril completely open and right nostril almost completely congested). I tried using a nasal spray only in the right nostril, and boy, did I breathe like 4k. I had a very slight cold sensation in my right nostril (I think it's normal since the mucosa is damaged) but it honestly didn't bother me at all. Overall, it was a good experience. Today, I'm clearly back to my baseline and I'm thinking about what to do. Obviously, I won't continue using the spray because I know it would make things worse in the long run, but I'm considering MARPE. I was afraid at first because I thought creating more space would worsen the ENS symptoms, but thinking back to how well I breathed yesterday, I'm not so sure. My breathing was good despite the slightly damaged mucosa, I was fine. I noticed that my palate is visibly narrower on the right side, which is the one giving me problems. Perhaps a moderate expansion could bring my breathing from 60% to 80%? I know I'll never breathe perfectly, but I think it could improve with caution. My problem is much more with a stuffy nose than a "too open" one. It’s really annoying. I don’t even know if this is ENS or not. Is it common for ENS sufferers to breath well after nasal spray? Thank you!

Hey all, I was wondering which of these two would help ENS patients the most: mucosal tissue engineering (attempted in some labs already) or turbinate reconstruction with bone or cartilage engineering? (No group works on that I think)

I had a turbinate reduction with radiofrequency 2 days ago. For now, I feel fine. I do have a lot of mucus, a stuffy nose, and some blood, but overall I’m okay. During the intervention, there was a moment when I think the frequency was too high, I felt the electricity there. If I do have ENS, when will I notice it? What should I look for?

Hi everyone, I hope you're all doing as well as possible. I have a few questions and I would appreciate it if anyone could take the time to answer them. Thank you very much for your time.

I'm a few days away from completing 4 months post-septoplasty with turbine reduction. I'm experiencing a real hell, with extreme dryness worsening, a feeling of obstruction with my nose too open, and suffocation 24/7.

Now I'm still trying to hold onto the hope that it will improve with time so I don't give up immediately.

However, I'm starting to have strange pains in my temples near my ears, in the roof of my mouth up to the beginning of my throat, and especially in my teeth, even though I don't have any dental problems. They are sharp, painful pains that persist for a few seconds, stop for a few minutes, and then return, and they don't go away with analgesics. I never had this before the surgery;

Could it be another symptom of ENS? Could someone please comment if they've had this or are having it now?

Update:

11 days after I found the problem, I am cured.

used to be one nostril consistently blocked (my right) and now I can breath just fine.

you can self test by touching the back scalp of your head and see if they are tender.. if yes, then good chance that your sinus problem might be structural..

I also incorporated some exercises for my suboccipital muscles.. you can google exercises for that.

a whole year and an half struggle, and sometimes the solution can be quite simple.

————————————-———

I got a really bad cold in March, 2023 and couldn’t breathe for a week. At the same time, my acid reflux was acting up bad again. So ever since then, I have been sleeping on two or three pillows to alleviate my symptoms.

My symptoms: constant post nasal drips that are clear. symptoms get worse during hot shower, relieved by exercises, standing up and bending over for a while. Massage my head sometimes can get instant relieve with complete open of both nostrils until symptom returns again..

I have excluded these things:

1. Rhinitis (allergenic or non-allergenic): I do have seasonal allergies and very sensitive to dusts molds etc. I tried a various method to eliminate this: changing out my feather pillows, changing bedsheet weekly and vacuuming very often; purchased air purifier. sinus wash; taking supplements (quecertin, vitamin C vitamin D etc etc) I definitely sneeze a lot less. But my nose did not improve.
2. physical obstruction in the nasal cavity: Went to an ENT and checked; no visible polyps or mass obstructing the pathways.Diagnosis: Bilateral turbinate enlargements. Very mild septal deviation but not severe enough to cause obstruction. ENT prescribed antibiotic which I did not take because I dont believe it is bacterial. Bacterial rhinitis usually have more severe symptoms such as pus like nasal discharge, fever, elevated WBC, which I don’t.
3. Residual fungal infections/nasal bacterial colony imbalance inside the nasal cavity: you either have it or you don’t. I have tried silly things like sticking kimchi juice up into my nostrils. Xylitol added to my sinus wash to get rid of possible fungal colonies. No relieve.
4. Silence reflux disease - that is when the stomach acid goes back up and irritates the inner lining of your throat, nose and ear canals that cause the soft tissue to swell. I adjusted the amount and time that I had my dinner. Continued to sleep on 2-3 pillows. NO RELIEVE. This is when I got really frustrated because I truly believe this was my cause.
5. Other random things that I have tried: exercises and self massage I found on Youtube to eliminate sinusitis. Minimal relieve.

So after all these trials and errors, my conclusion is that it must be that the blood vessels supplying these turbinates are either compressed or engorged. Turbinates are filled with microvessels and it is very sensitive to any pressure change. I am convinced that it must be something structural, outside of my nose, that leads to this problem.

SOLUTION:

I started neck exercises. such as tucking chin straight back, multiple times a day, turn head from side to side, bring ears to each shoulder; as well as TMJ exercises such as place your tongue on top of your mouth roof and open mouth wide; I also have been doing very gentle stretching exercises mostly focusing on whole body extension especially the neck region. I also eliminate my pillows and have been sleeping flat every night.

Let me tell you, my nose is 80% better in just a few days.

What I thought that was helping me (sleeping on two -three pillows), is actually whats making it SO BAD.

I truly hope that my post can help someone like me out there. I hope that you can all breathe through your nose again. It is just an amazing feeling!

God Bless!

*** edit:

I forgot to add that diet is also an important component to consider if you haven’t done so. Diet is not the issue in my case but some people do have sinus issue due to chronic inflammation caused by diet and once they eat clean, the sinus problem improve.

Hello :)

I am getting septorhinoplasty soon. I broke my nose as a kid but they told me not to get surgery till i’m older. Well, i’m older now and I also want some cosmetic work done on the nose (hump removal). My surgeon wants to do septorhinoplasty but also with turbinate reduction. I expressed my concerns about ens but he said it only occurs with cutting or removing the turbinates. I want to decline the turbinate reduction. However I’m afraid that making my nose smaller will give me trouble with breathing. Currently, i honestly dont have that many issues with breathing or even congestion. My chart says that my turbinates are “obstructing with normal mucosa”. Will i regret taking out the turbinate reduction? I want to make an informed decision. Thank you all!

Circa 2 anni e mezzo fa ho ricevuto una settoplastica + riduzione dei turbinati. Premetto che ho altre patologie autoimmuni/allergia che potrebbero completare il quadro. La situazione era davvero grave e facevo molta fatica a dormire, spesso dovevo respirare a bocca aperta, specialmente in inverno/primavera. La mia narice destra in particolare era quasi sempre tappata. Ho fatto l’operazione e da li la mia situazione è migliorata. Direi che la mia qualità del respiro è passata da 30% a 60%. Adesso riesco a respirare decentemente, ancora non benissimo ma almeno la notte dormo meglio. Scrivo perché ho ancora dei sintomi residui. La mia narice sinistra è praticamente perfetta, ma la destra continua a dare un po’ di problemi. Ho secchezza, formazione di croste e poco muco, questo si traduce in una congestione quasi perenne nella narice destra. Per buona parte del tempo respiro quasi del tutto dalla narice sinistra, direi con un rapporto dell 85% vs 15%. Ho sempre la sensazione di non respirare a pieno potenziale. So dell’alternanza delle narici, ed effettivamente a volte si alternano e la narice sinistra si chiude un po’ e inizio finalmente a respirare dalla destra. In questi casi il flusso d’aria è un po’ peggiore, ma comunque riesco a respirare, è solo che succede poche volte e non sono quasi mai aperte entrambi. Ieri sera ero proprio in questa situazione (narice sinistra aperta del tutto e narice destra quasi del tutto congestionata). Ho provato a usare uno spray nasale solo nella narice destra, e ragazzi ho respirato in 4k. Avevo una leggerissima sensazione di freddo nella narice destra (credo sia normale visto che la mucosa è danneggiata) ma non mi dava fastidio affatto sinceramente. In generale è stata una buona esperienza. Oggi chiaramente sono tornato al mio baseline e sto pensando a cosa fare. Chiaramente non continuerò ad usare lo spray perché so che peggiorerebbe le cose a lungo termine, ma sto considerando il MARPE. Prima avevo paura perché pensavo che creare più spazio avrebbe aggravato i sintomi dell’Ens, ma ripensando a quanto ho respirato bene ieri non ne sono sicuro. Il mio respiro era buono nonostante la mucosa un po’ danneggiata, stavo bene. Ho notato che il mio palato è visibilmente più stretto dalla parte destra, che è quella che mi da problemi. Magari una espansione non eccessiva potrebbe portare la mia respirazione dal 60% all’80%? So che non respirerò mai alla perfezione ma penso che potrebbe migliorare se fatto con cautela, il mio problema riguarda molto più il naso chiuso rispetto al naso “troppo aperto”. Fatemi sapere cosa ne pensate, grazie !

Hey, first time poster here and I'd love some advice.

So, I was historically a mouth breather my entire life, up until Sept 2022, which I had a septorhinoplasty (also had submucosal resection with lateral out-fracture). My septum was extremely deviated and one side of my nose was more or less entirely blocked prior to surgery.

My nose was very large and the surgeons felt that my dorsal hump was pinched at the top, further impeding my breathing. So, they ultimately shaved the hump down and used the excess cartilage to create a sort of make-shift breathe right strip. They also used grafts to strengthen the tip of my nose, as I also had nasal valve collapse on the left side. Additionally, as mentioned earlier, my septum was extremely deviated, so they moved it pretty far over to the left. Surgery was long, but went well and my QOL improved tremendously for about a year and a half.

Spring 2024 comes around and I catch COVID for the first time. After a few weeks, I recover and I went outside to weed-eat my backyard (I had just had a large tree cut down a few days prior). Shortly after starting, I clipped a large piece of mulch, which flew up and hit me pretty hard on the bridge of my nose.

After this, I noticed that where there used to be two little bumps inside my nostril (from the graft at the tip), was now a fairly large, rectangular piece of the graft that sticks out a bit. Also, though perhaps it was always this way, I noticed a small spiky bit of cartilage at the base of my right nostril (presumably where my septum used to connect).

Either way, not long after, I develop an issue where I feel a constant, and I mean absolutely constant sense of pressure/squeezing/clamping sensation at the bridge of my nose (right over the nasal bone). It never, ever stops, though it's notably worse when I bend over and when I'm lying down and turn my head side to side.

I eventually see both of my surgeons, whom do nasal endoscopies on me and find nothing of note. I then see a neurologist for months, though he ultimately has no ideas as to what could be the cause.

After trying gabapentin (900mg nightly) for months, I discontinue use as it didn't help. I also end up trying astepro, budesonide saline mix (2x a day for months), and ipratropium (to be fair, I only tried for a day or so, as the dry mouth was unbearable-- felt like I was choking to death).

I go back to my ENT and he orders a facial CT. It's normal besides the fact that my right turbinate is hypertrophied (may be inconsequential). I see him in office again and he scopes me once more. He notes that my right turbinate is quite swollen, and nearly touching my septum. He suggests we repeat the submucosal resection with lateral out-fracture, but notes he's not certain that it will be a permanent solution. He added that it's very uncommon for him to need to do the surgery more than once, and that I had some type of white, frothy substance in my nose (it didn't look like mucus). He suggested that I may have some type of autonomic issue, as my nose very frequently drips, too (much worse with eating and temp change).

After this, I try 10, then 20mg nortriptyline for 2-3 months, but it doesn't help. I realize, however, that's a low dose, but the GI side effects were just too difficult to deal with, at least for me.

This brings me to current day: I feel like I've nearly exhausted my options, yet I still don't even know exactly what's wrong with me. I don't know if it's some type of post-viral autonomic issue that or possibly a physical injury that resulted in some kind of nerve damage. I've read more and more about ENS, and I do take it very seriously. I don't want to have to get this surgery again, but I feel I'm running out of options.

Based on what you all know, does this sound like more of a nerve issue or an autonomic/vascular issue? The only other plan I have right now is to try an SNRI like cymbalta, but that's about all.

Again, this sensation around my nose is legitimately unrelenting. It's been 2 years of constant clothes-pin like pressure, and I'm just very, very sick of dealing with it.

Any advice or info? Also, apologies for the long post, but I wanted to be thorough with my story-- thanks for reading.

I forgot to mention, I also ended up having a brain MRI via neurology, and that was normal as well. Also, I probably should've mentioned: my right turbinate is indeed swollen much of the time and I'm very often congested on that side of my nose, even now.

Hello. I have been suffering badly for the last 4-5 months due to enlarged turbinates at night. Essentially, 1 turbinate gets completely and fully blocked and I wake up extremely tired, even after going to sleep early and sleeping for at least 8 hours. It is borderline unbearable, I wake up feeling like a zombie, dragging myself out of bed to go to work.

I have tried everything: Buteyko breathing, diet changes for months, corticosteroid drops, sleeping with elevated pillows, saline cleanses 2-3 times a day. Everything. The only thing that works is oxymetalozine and similar sprays, but I obviously know better than to abuse them.

I have been to a dietician, a gastroenterologist (for silent LPR), 2 ENTs and an allergologist. I have been taking antihistamines and LPR treatment pills. Both ENTs suggested a turbinate reduction and potentially a septum correction. I Checked by CBCT scans and the septum deviation is very very margianal, so it couldn't possibly be from this.

I've cleaned out my room fully, changed sheets between 1-2 days, tried sleeping in other rooms, window open, window closed - nothing works.

At this point, all I can think of is having some kind of reduction. I found a doctor - Vik Veer, I saw someone posted on this subreddit that seemed to have exactly the same symptoms as me.

I realize people say that ENS is bad, but at this point I feel like what I have is close in terms of terrible sleep. I wake up maybe 5 times minimum at night and I feel panicky because I literally can barely breathe through my nose. I have awful headaches and my mouth is completely dried out in the morning. And the worst of it all - I have 0 energy. I used to go to the gym and lift super heavy, used to be a morning person and be super productive. Now that's all gone. I am left just praying that it either gets better by itself or to go and have a surgery to try to fix it.

One thing I did think about is that one nostril is slightly worse than the other, so if I do end up having some kind of reduction, I think I will try it in one nostril first and see if that helps.

I have attached a screenshot I took from the CBCT software, not sure if its the correct "depth" as I'm not a doctor, but perhaps it will give some kind of insight on this.

Any suggestions on this will be greatly appreciated.

https://preview.redd.it/rnavmzp9fyvg1.png?width=1491&format=png&auto=webp&s=ece7b85c7428ebbeb25af34fdfcef36cbe0ac5a2

https://preview.redd.it/g217fsvifyvg1.png?width=1404&format=png&auto=webp&s=830cfbad53d629c5dd731659aa76d308511af5c3

Hey 👋

I wanted to share my experience and get some feedback. I'm 23 from France and I had a turbinate reduction (turbinoplasty) on both turbinates using radiofrequency in May 2025. It has now been about 11 months, and unfortunately I still sleep very, very poorly😪 ....

I am in a state of extreme fatigue, with constant body aches, burning eyes, and intense daily exhaustion... Hard to work...

I sometimes experience nasal dryness, evem during night, but that is not my main concern right now (it really was before...)

I also occasionally have nasal pain, like burning or cold air sensations, but this has become quite rare recently.

My breathing still feels unusual but again, that is not my main issue today.

My main problem today is sleep. I was expecting some improvement over time, especially after almost a year, but that has not been the case. But I have noticed an improvement in symptoms related to cold air and burning sensations, because it was DEVIL the first 8 months.

Has anyone experienced an improvement in sleep over time after this type of procedure?

Good luck to everyone 💪

Please, my heart rate has been 110-140 basically all the time since my septoplasty/turbinate reduction, especially when standing or sitting up. It has been literal hell for nearly 4 weeks since I got the surgery. I am really anxious. I feel out of breath all the time even though there is no blockage/I can breathe fine. Sometimes I notice that I stop breathing completely, and I don't know if this is due to anxiety or my autonomic nervous system freaking out over breathing. I am getting tested for POTS soon. I had the heart rate issue and fatigue since before the surgery, but feeling out of breath is kind of new for me.

I am terrified that this is ENS. I should never have let them touch my turbinates, but here we are.

Anybody have experience with Dr. Hootan Zandifar in LA? He’s got great reviews but it says he does all kinds of testing and treatments for ENS.

Hello,

Like many, I am here after considering a nose surgery and wondering whether I should really get it.

I’ve been learning a lot about this area but I know I certainly still have a lot to learn. The main question I wondered if somebody could please answer, is how does ENS work when it comes from lack of mucosa rather than lack of volume? I seem to read a lot online that mucosa recovers and regenerates after surgery but if that were the case, people with this subtype of ENS would surely be cured.

What is it that I’m missing? Is it just that the research is wrong?