The following text outlines my own observations regarding the state of Sylhet's economy (particularly Sylhet city). It explores the factors that makes Sylhet's economy truly unique from other regions in BD, as well as their implications for Sylhet's long-term economic tragectory.
I personally tended to feel pretty pessimistic regarding Sylhet's economic future.
The handful of sectors Sylhet's economy excessively depends on (e.g., remittances, tourism, tea) are not only at the mercy of external factors beyond its control, but remittances in particular (which have long insulated Sylhetis from the socioeconomic realities of BD) are also about to be hit hard by economic downturns + stricter immigration laws in the West.
Although those remittances have done wonders for Sylhet's economy in the past, they've also led people to neglect other vital sectors such as education, investment and infrastructure, resulting in a Nauru-esque "resource curse" of sorts:
> "why study for a degree or build a new road in my village, when I can just hop onto a plane to Heathrow and make a quick buck that way?"
The result is widespread poverty and low social mobility (especially for those living in tea plantations or haor areas) among those without the backing of rich relatives.
- The prosperity stereotypically associated with Sylhet is also only really true for a minority of very rich and influential families rather than the majority. This steep social inequality, coupled with the aforementioned economic insulation, has created a tribalist and reactionary climate that is hostile towards any whiff of dissent or social change.
Given these factors, I'm highly doubtful whether Sylhet can develop economically while still retaining its unique cultural identity. It isn't just the poverty or standards of living for the majority, but also the friction between the strong reactionary elements of Sylheti society and the rapid social changes it will inevitably have to confront, which will cause a lot of social upheaval and internal resentment later down the line.
Although the presence of many Sylheti people in the new BNP government may offer a glimmer of hope, even they cannot do much if the underlying structural issues I mentioned aren't addressed. It is high time the more educated or better off of Sylhet's residents discussed all of these issues more openly and loudly.
Even with all of those social constraints, awareness and acknowledgement can go a long way into laying the groundwork for positive change in the long-run.