ethical turn in film theory
I am curious how and why this so-called ethical turn in film theory happened in mid-2000s (works of Sarah Cooper, Catherine Wheatley, Jinhee Choi and Mattias Frey, Asbjorn Gronstad, etc) -- and this is an ongoing trend. Generally (not in all), there is this great influence of Emmanuel Levinas and I am trying to understand where does it come from. What I understand from these works is that this turn is somewhat related to the affective turn happening since 1990s (more interest in spectatorship, viewing experience etc) but I cannot quite pinpoint a convincing argument of why 1970s-1980s political/ideological criticism faded away by 1990s and it left the stage for affect and ethics. How and why did Levinasian ethics kind of pop up? What has changed socially, historically in 2000s so that theory turned to ethics?
I appreciate anyone who would like to share their knowledge, insight here with me to brainstorm.