r/AskEngineers

Why can't my portable AC unit also be a heater?

My portable AC unit pumps hot, dry air out of the vent while cooling my room (though making it negative pressure) while condensing water and draining it.

Why could I not reverse the flow and dump the cooled air outside and use it as a heater?

it runs at 1500W which is comparable to many space heaters I have as well

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u/Boomah422 — 19 hours ago
▲ 3 r/ElectricalEngineering+1 crossposts

Any free software available for lighting protection design and risk assesment?

Hello all,

Basically what the title says. I've been searching for a good one lately. Found out that DEHN had one (DEHNsupport Toolbox) however now it's paid.

Found some simpler free software:

https://hvl.ee.auth.gr/en/software-2/

https://electrical-engineering-portal.com/download-center/electrical-software/lightning-protection-risk-assessment-calculator

However I'm looking for something more sophisticated. Any help is appreciated.

Thanks!

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u/Pierceman — 12 hours ago

choosing a MS program urgently

Decisions are coming up and I’m so between a couple of ms ECE programs. So some factors that matter to me are coursework(projects etc), how industry views said school, how strong do recruiters love that school, and I suppose plentiful opportunities. Also additionally I’ll mention the tuition price per year since that’s also a factor as welll

I am mainly into firmware and computer architecture and embedded systems as well so that’s realm I want to work in. In the end I want to work for Apple or nvidia or amd or Qualcomm or Broadcom, those type of companies.

The programs I need help choosing between are

Umich ECE ms for 64k a year in tuition

CMU ECE ms for 60k a year in tuition

GaTech ECE ms for 32k a year in tuition

UT ECE ms for 22k a year in tuition

UCLA ECE ms for 21k a year in tuition

I am still waiting to hear back from UT but for the sake of the debate let’s assume I get in (hopefully)

Where should I go in your honest opinion and ofc I will take it as a grain of salt.

I appreciate everything an anything

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u/Kindly-Role3833 — 4 hours ago

Would a centrifugal gun be able to fire Meissner Tetrahedra?

What the title says, would a centrifugal gun be able to fire Meissner Tetrahedra shaped projectiles without jamming? It's a surface of constant width, so I assume they'd be able to roll without getting wedged sideways; but maybe there's something obvious I'm missing. I'm brainstorming sci-fi weapons and I wanted something more visually appealing than a sphere.

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u/jackalias — 10 hours ago

How Tall of a Skyscraper Could You Build Safely in San Fransisco?

Take the lot size as being something like the vacant lots in soma. How tall could the structure be, and, only if you want to be super helpful aka it's not necessary, what would be a ballpark for the cost of that structure? The obvious limitations would be a smaller lot size and earthquake prone city

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u/EmperorImBored — 3 hours ago
▲ 3 r/MechanicalEngineering+2 crossposts

Quality Courses / Disciplines that avoids AI

Hello !

I have a degree in Mechanical Engineering and a degree in Mathematics . I never studied at a graduate level . I work as a high-school teacher .

I live alone and I don't have a girlfriend / wife ( I'm saying this to clarify that I have some free time ) .

Recently , I've rediscovered the desire to study engineering subjects again .

Since I don't have enough free time and other kind of resources to came back to the University , I'm here asking for recommendations of recorded video lectures for university subjects .

I know that I could simply type " Fluid Mechanics Course " into YouTube , for example , but I gave up on doing a manual search , because I realized that a lot of it is being generated by AI ( robotic voices , incorrect concepts , etc ) .

I would like to see courses recorded the old-fashioned way , that is , a professor who decided to record their classes or a professor who recorded videos for YouTube , but with professional content quality ( in the style of MIT's online classes , for example ) . This avoids amateurs teaching and searches that end up with AI-generated content .

I'm being honest : it's tiring and discouraging to think that searches always show poor content as the first results and I don't want to get discouraged .

Having said all that , I'm asking for suggestions for typical Mechanical Engineering course subjects ( since I have an academic background in Mathematics , I don't think I need guidance in mathematics subjects , but I may ( certainly ) have forgotten something , so suggestions are welcome ) :

- ODEs and PDEs , Laplace and Fourier Transforms and Calculus in one complex variable ;

The real important stuff is :

- Basic Programming Languages and the main Algorithms ;

- Introductory CAD Stuff ( I learned Technical Drawing with pen and paper ) ;

- Basic Physics ;

- Statics ;

- Dynamics ;

- General Mechanics ;

- Strength of Materials ;

- Fluids ;

- Thermodynamics ;

- Heat Transfer ;

- Mechanical Vibrations ;

- Machine Elements ;

- Mechanical Design ;

- A basic understanding of Electronics ;

- Machining Welding ;

- Machining with CNC .

I know it's a lot , but any contribution is appreciated .

Thanks .

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u/RemarkableWarrior90 — 8 hours ago
▲ 4 r/EngineeringStudents+2 crossposts

What is the best Free CAD Software?

I don’t know why I’m majoring in science when I’ve always loved creating things.

Who cares though, it’s time to start!!

Could anybody recommend me any beginner tips regarding electrical engineering? I’m a complete beginner, and I’m looking to start making my own projects on Arduino or Raspberry Pi this summer, and learn how to use CAD!

And for those who would like to be extra helpful, are there any self-learning books that you would recommend, or Youtubers to watch for?

Thank you! :-)

Edit: my friends told me about FreeCAD, Fusion, and TinkerCAD but I’m not sure if theres any better…

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u/Mission-Dot187 — 10 hours ago
▲ 3 r/AskEngineers+1 crossposts

Programs to use for architecture and engineering

Hi, all, I’m looking for a program that will let me design the floor plan and framework, and let me do a load test on the structure that I design to see its stability. If I am able to simulate natural disasters, that would be a plus.

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u/_a1b1c2d2_ — 11 hours ago
▲ 1 r/materials+1 crossposts

Is there any material that is transparent flexible and should deform back to it original shape after giving tension and torsion using hand.

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u/Ragnarok_Darkin00 — 9 hours ago

Some way to produce a sustained and couplable 20-25kHz w/o electricity?

I’m trying to puzzle out a question relating to the manufacture of an item made of granite. The parameters are unusual.

I’m wondering if one of you can think of a way to generate a 20-25kHz tone in a way and with sufficient energy that it could be couple to a metal cutting blade. The main issue is it would have to be done without electricity. All thoughts welcome.

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u/Confused_by_La_Vida — 12 hours ago
I am working on a project designing a heat exchanger for a fluid bed boiler. Looking for design philosophy for non-standard heat exchangers.
▲ 3 r/AskEngineers+1 crossposts

I am working on a project designing a heat exchanger for a fluid bed boiler. Looking for design philosophy for non-standard heat exchangers.

Hi everyone, I will start of saying that English isn't my first language so I used AI to sum up my thoughts in terms you will understand.

I’m currently working on a heat exchanger for a fluidized bed boiler and I’m looking for some design insights.

The boiler is burning biomass so there is a lot of stones andother impurities in the fuel. The geometry of the heat exchanger is a bit uncommon: it’s a serpentine path using a rectangular cross-section with a very high aspect ratio 150 mm x 20 mm.

I’m curious about the collective experience here regarding the "ideology" of designing for these types of specific, high-heat-flux environments.

A few points that I'm wondering about:

  • The "skinny" channel. The first though that came to my mind was to maximize the surface area to volume of the heat exchanger thus the skinny channels. So that the stones have a free path trough. Is the skinny channel worth it?
  • The Serpentine design. The u-bends with the smaller diameter being effectively zero. The flow seperates and creates pressure drops and effectively lowers the area the fluid flows through. Is there a better u-bend design to send the fluid back?
  • The fluid speed inside the heat exchanger. Right now I don't have access to current data from the plant so I am stuck guessing numbers and making assumptions. What kind of fluid speed should I expect.

I’m not looking for a specific solution to my problems, but I want to grasp the overall design philosophy. I’ve reviewed Idelchik’s Handbook of Hydraulic Losses, but the bends I’m dealing with don’t match the equations provided there.

Some CFD images.

Again sorry for the AI.

u/sejmroz — 16 hours ago

I need to connect two 1 inch square aluminum tubes in an L shape so that one "leg" can pivot or rotate 90 degrees and lock in place.

I am creating some legs for a project that needs to be able to lock in place in a modified L shape. Imagine the long portion horizontally and the short portion going straight down. Then I need to rotate the down portion 90 degrees and lock it. so if you're looking at it the short side is now perpendicular to the ground, kind of pointing towards you. If that makes sense. I've been searching the world of various pivot joints but I haven't found a way to connect to the tubing properly. any thoughts?

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u/mr___mustache — 19 hours ago

Shelf Brackets Placed Above Load?

I'm installing a few lightweight shelves along the top of a wall currently acting as a projector screen. Because of this setup, visual design makes me want to place the L-bracket on the top side of the shelf, freeing up space below for the projector. The shelf and cat together can't be more than 15lb, divided between three brackets. Is this safe?

The other nasty variable: it's a plaster wall. I have Tapcon screws and anchors, but is this combo of weaker support a dealbreaker?

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u/SweetChardonnay — 13 hours ago

Math on converting HVAC Refrigerants pressure to temps

Hi, im making a device (esp32 based) to make simple the measurement of superheat. clamp to get return temps, use a simple analog manometer to get pressure, and the device calculate based on the pressure you set and temps it read from the probe,

the problem is: i was looking at graphs on the pressure/temp charts for various refrigerants, and the conversion does not is a simple linear or logarithmic scale, is more complex, and i can't seem to find the math formula on conversion.

i was trying to get the math to have precision, and avoid using a lookup table to get the values for the most used refrigerants here (R22, R410a, R32, R404, R600a, etc...)

any help appreciated, thanks! (btw, im in brazil, whe use Celsius)

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u/Malow — 15 hours ago

Are semiconductor test engineers still living in Excel hell in 2026?

I've been going down a rabbit hole lately trying to understand how chip test data actually gets analyzed day-to-day at real companies.

From what I can tell, and please correct me if I'm wrong, the workflow looks something like this:

ATE spits out STDF files after every test run. Someone manually pulls those files and loads them into some combination of Excel, internal scripts, or a legacy tool that looks like it was designed in 2003. Engineers spend hours (sometimes days?) just getting the data into a usable state before they can even start asking questions about yield or parametric drift. Reports get generated manually and emailed around.

Is this actually what's happening at most places? Or am I way off?

I ask because I come from a software background and I'm genuinely trying to understand if this is a solved problem or not. Every tool I've looked at (yieldHUB, DR YIELD, Exensio etc.) seems either insanely expensive, built for companies with 500+ engineers, or has a UI that makes me want to cry.

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u/king_1607 — 2 hours ago

Need Ideas and Safety Precautions for a Fireplace Mantel Motorized Shelf

​

Hi! Im looking for either ideas or areas of study to create a mechanical shelf that moves in one direction (up and down) that also imitates the appearance of a fireplace mantel. Ive looked for motorized shelves, and struggle to find something that perfectly matches what im trying to describe/do, but basically the white trim around a mantel im trying to replace, and also hopefully integrate with home assistant.

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u/Jth120 — 12 hours ago

How can I make the 1:1 Ratio Pendant?

DISCLOSURE: I am NOT an engineer. I know nothing about engineering, I much at math, and I have a hard time learning through reading.

CONTEXT: I'm wanting to bake a 1:1 Ratio Planetary Gear decoder pendant for an analytical psychology project. Hopefully no bigger than 2.5''. But I need it to be a 1:1 Ratio, and everyone online keeps dismissing the possibility for a useless coping mechanism monstrosity.

THEORY: I'm planning to use 4 Stepped Spur Gears for the Moon gears (M) to help make up for the atomic Moon size issue. The idea being to maybe make the Sun side (Ms) smaller and Ring side (Mr) bigger to make the Sun and Ring spin opposite of each other at the same speed. And ideally get the Moon Carrier (Mc) holding the Moods spin at an even number ratios compared to the Sun and Ring. I expect the pendent really shouldn't be any thicker than 3 layers. Maybe even 2 if anyone got ideas for the gears to hold everything together. Bonus points if I can turn it into a Watch. Nobody seems to talk about the Stepped Spur theory anywhere!

GEARS: Ring(R), Moon(M), Moon Ring Side(Mr), Moon Sun Side(Ms), Moon Carrier(Mc), and Sun(S). (I use "Moon" because it's the more convenient term to write)

I need to know the gear size, teeth size, material type/thickness, etc; how I can make them (Even if out of foam) or where I can order them, etc; anything you think might be helpful.

C-GPT: Also... AI Fcn Sucks! I can't get a single AI to properly calculate anything without contradiction. Sometimes the image generation is useful, but really only to see just how bad the calculations contradicts itself through visual evidence. It's nice that I can links to online resources for ordering stuff, but it's all useless on multiple levels! And I'm honestly considering making my own foam gear cutouts to keep my brain engaged while it fries itself out playing Trial And Error for a hobby.

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u/BrthlmwHnryAlln — 6 hours ago
Week