
Biopunk setting where metallurgy collapsed. Wetware-only tech
I started my biopunk worldbuilding project because I always wanted to see the this setting: Humanity has moved entirely to organic, wetware-based technology. No steel, no fossil fuels - just engineered biology.
In-universe, that wasn't a utopian choice. It happened because resource scarcity and environmental collapse made biotech the viable path, then a war involving anti-metallic weapons (rust spores) accelerated the collapse of metallurgy. Metal is now a niche material, like clay is to us.
So what do machines look like in this world? A few key concepts I've worked out:
Structural materials - Fasteners like screws are less common, you’ll rather custom-grow parts from steelbone, gigacorals for buildings, and sporopollenin (from pollen, very heat-resistant). These replace steel and concrete.
Mechanisms - movement is driven by fertilizer-powered muscles, cartilage/bone winders for circular movement, and pneumatics / hydraulics. Peak power output is a real engineering challenge here.
Control systems - organic electronics are already a thing. For software, you have fungi biocomputers. Controlled growth and more computing happens via XNA (DNA expanded to contain all possible amino acids as nucleic acids), with biological transistor-equivalents called transcriptors capable of boolean logic.
Maintenance - biomachines can heal microfractures and passively adapt, but long-term storage is a hard problem. My current idea is predetermined bloom/hibernation cycles where most of a machine goes dormant and organoids that can't hibernate are allowed to wilt and regrow.
One of the trickier design questions is where does one draw the line between a biomachine and a living creature? A few edge cases in the setting (engineered ants, fungi computers that develop emergent sentience) make this murky, but that’s also the fun of biopunk.
This is more of a summary of the lore on biomachines. You can read the full thing in the wiki. I'd love feedback - what you miss, and especially on things that feel underdeveloped, or sci-fi precedents I should be aware of.