The Colonials developed a strong spy network that was invaluable during the Revolutionary War. Most of that was apparently set aside after the peace. However, it seems like a more powerful federal government with greater responsibility for safeguarding the nation needed to know about possible threats against it.
What kind of espionage and intelligence assets did the federal government have? Ambassadors would have gathered information and sent it home, but how did they gather secrets? And were there dedicated spies who reported to cabinet secretaries or even directly to the president?