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Whig Convention of 1848 | United Republic of America Alternate Elections

Four years ago, it appeared that President Davy Crockett and the Whig Party would be able to enjoy a prolonged period of peace and calm at the helm of the United Republic after winning re-election against the staunch reformist Radical, Thomas Wilson Dorr. But, how circumstances can change within a few months! The first substantive blow to the Whigs’ carefully constructed narrative of stability was the fallout from the Ostend Treaty, which asserted that the United Republic alone was responsible for starting the war with the Spanish Empire. This paled in comparison to the Crockett administration’s controversial response to the Revolutions of 1848. Now, without their talisman, the Whigs must select a presidential ticket that showcases its capacity for change while maintaining continuity with the party’s values.

The Presidential Balloting 

The two candidates who garnered the most support on the first ballot were the two highest ranking members of the Crockett administration. Though President Crockett himself has sought to stay above the fray, he favors Vice President Papineau to inherit his legacy and has privately urged convention delegates to rally behind him. Though trailing Papineau in terms of pledged delegates Secretary of State Daniel Webster, as the de facto leader of the Centralist faction of the Whigs maintained a strong support base. Unsurprisingly, the first candidate to withdraw from the running was Millard Fillmore, who then instructed his delegates to support Zachary Taylor, believing that with enough support behind the popular former general to deny either Papineau or Webster an absolute majority, it would allow the relatively small yet sizeable nativist presence at the convention to play kingmaker. 

Candidate 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th
Louis-Joseph Papineau 288 312 312 334 346 341
Daniel Webster 263 271 272 250 244 249
Zachary Taylor 97 77 81 108 102 102
Millard Fillmore 44 32 27 0 0 0

This gamble failed, and the race for the Whig nomination remained between the two frontrunners. Eventually Taylor instructed his campaign operatives to withdraw his name from the running at the 8th ballot, though he declined to endorse either Papineau or Webster, and flatly refused to enter into negotiations to court his approval, believing such machinations to be beneath the dignity of the presidency. And so, the balloting continued.

Candidate 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th
Louis-Joseph Papineau 349 373 355 351 362 348
Daniel Webster 269 319 337 341 330 344
Zachary Taylor 74 0 0 0 0 0
Millard Fillmore 0 0 0 0 0 0

On the 13th ballot, Daniel Webster overtook Papineau in the number of pledged delegates, which he lost in the subsequent ballot. The next four ballots were a constant back-and-forth between the two candidates, neither willing to withdraw for the other for various ideological and personal reasons. It seemed as though the nominating contest was destined to drag on endlessly, unless the convention could rally around a suitable compromise candidate, like the Democrats did in 1844 or unless a figure within the party intervened on behalf of one of the two men.

Candidate 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th
Louis-Joseph Papineau 339 357 346 361 336 345
Daniel Webster 353 335 346 331 356 347
Zachary Taylor 0 0 0 0 0 0
Millard Fillmore 0 0 0 0 0 0

That figure was none other than the President himself, Davy Crockett. Using a telegraph from an office in the National Assembly, he urged delegates to rally behind his Vice-President to continue the party’s legacy of maintaining domestic stability and increased international standing, cautious though they may be in wielding it. This was the final nail in the coffin for Webster’s bid for the Whig nomination, and Papineau easily won the next ballot to become the party’s standard-bearer in the crucial 1848 election.

Candidate 19th
Louis-Joseph Papineau 462
Daniel Webster 230
Zachary Taylor 0
Millard Fillmore 0

The Vice Presidential Balloting

Knowing that the Centralist wing of the party still maintained a strong presence, Papineau at first attempted to extend an olive branch to the leader of this faction and his chief nomination rival, Daniel Webster, by offering him the Vice Presidential slot. Webster refused, and rumor has it that he is exploring the possibility of creating his own National Party with some of his like-minded allies. Papineau’s next choice was fellow Massachusetts Deputy Robert C. Winthrop, who eagerly accepted. Winthrop, with his close ties to Webster and the Centralists, proved to be an acceptable compromise for most of the delegates and easily secured a majority on the first ballot.

Candidate 1st
Robert C. Winthrop 405
Daniel Webster 132
Zachary Taylor 90
Millard Fillmore 65

The Whig Ticket

For President of the United Republic: Louis-Joseph Papineau of Quebec

For Vice President of the United Republic: Robert C. Winthrop of Massachusetts

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