News: U.S. lifts Ethiopia arms export restrictions imposed during Tigray war
Addis Abeba – The United States has formally lifted restrictive arms export measures imposed on Ethiopia during the war in the Tigray, with the U.S. State Department’s Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC) announcing that Ethiopia will be removed from the list of countries subject to a “policy of denial” under the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR).
In a notice published on 11 May, the DDTC said Washington had “terminated the arms embargo on Ethiopia” and that it will now review applications for ITAR-controlled defense exports to Ethiopia on a case-by-case basis. The agency also indicated that a forthcoming regulatory amendment will remove Ethiopia from ITAR §126.1, the section that lists countries subject to strict U.S. defense export restrictions.
ITAR is the U.S. regulatory framework governing the export of military equipment, defense services, and related technologies. Countries included under ITAR §126.1 are generally presumed ineligible for U.S. arms transfers, with license applications typically denied.
The restrictions on Ethiopia were first introduced in September 2021 amid the war in Tigray. At the time, the DDTC announced a “policy of denial” for controlled defense exports to Ethiopia and Eritrea, citing the deteriorating humanitarian crisis and hostilities. The measure was later formalized through an amendment adding Ethiopia to ITAR §126.1(n).
The decision was linked to, but legally distinct from, the September 2021 executive order issued by U.S. President Joe Biden, which authorized sanctions against individuals and entities deemed responsible for prolonging the war, obstructing humanitarian access, or committing human rights abuses in Ethiopia. That sanctions framework continues to operate separately under U.S. emergency powers.
While renewing the executive order for the second time on 7 September 2023, the White House said Ethiopia “continues to pose an unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security and foreign policy of the United States.”
That sanctions framework was last renewed by President Trump in September 2025, while the ITAR action specifically governed defense export licensing and arms transfers.
The development comes against the backdrop of a high-level visit to the United States by Foreign Minister Gedion Timotheos, during which Washington and Addis Abeba held “productive and wide-ranging meetings” under the latest round of the U.S.–Ethiopia Bilateral Structured Dialogue. Discussions reportedly covered the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), the war in Sudan, Red Sea security, and efforts to expand U.S. investment in Ethiopia. AS