Saturn has gotten a bad rep
Saturn was recognized as a divine and central celestial body world-wide across ancient and pre-historic civilizations. In Greek/Roman tradition, the reign of Kronos/Saturn was described as a Golden Age. It was a time of peace, abundance, no wars, and no toil. Humans lived in harmony. The earth provided freely. The malefic qualities we associate with Saturn are remembered as the echoes of his downfall.
The myth goes that Kronos/Saturn castrated his primodial father Uranus/Sky in response to his mother Gaia/Earth's request to act against Uranus because he kept forcing Gaia to stuff their babies, whom Uranus hated, back inside her. Kronos castrates Uranus with a sickle. The blood fell on earth, and the genitals fell into the primordial sea. The genitals in the sea formed foam and from this seafoam Aphrodite/Venus/Morning Star/Lucifer emerges. Aphrodite is born from castration, chaos, and the sea, emerging from the violent severance of the old cosmic order, giving to her dual nature in mythology.
After this, Uranus essentially withdrew from active dominion. His retreat from earth is recognized as the sky and earth separating and no longer in constant union. That separation is what allows space for life, seasons, time itself to exist. Now Kronos/Saturn inherits dominion. Time and agriculture begin. The Golden Ages have come.
However, upon overthrowing Uranus, Kronos/Saturn receives the prophecy that he will be overthrown by his own children just as he had done to his father. Kronos receives this prophecy from both Uranus at his defeat, and then from Gaia/Earth, Kronos's own mother with whom he conspired to overthrow his father to begin with. During Kronos's reign, he lived in fear of the inevitable looming prophecy. To prevent it from fulling, Kronos devours his children one by one. This is until his final child Zeus/Jupiter is secretly spared by Rhea (Kronos's wife).
Zeus eventually carries out the prophecy. He gains strength on Crete and comes back to free his swallowed siblings from inside Kronos. The siblings, while being swallowed as infants, emerge from Kronos as fully realized divine beings with complete domains and powers. Their development inside Kronos represents a formative period suggesting that even inside the body of time, even in the darkest most enclosed condition, awareness persists and develops, and to it's highest form. You cannot destroy divine nature by containing it. Containment only deepens and focuses it. Cosmic events regarding Mars, Venus, Jupiter, and many moons follow, explained in Greek/Roman literature and other ancient records across the world.
This maps directly to the Saturnine archetype. The slow dark grinding development inside an enclosing force doesn't destroy what's inside–it forges it into its fullest expression. Though this effort takes some level of self-consumption. Additionally, Saturn could not escape consequences and time, even in creating the legacy he created. These are the malefic qualities of the Saturnine archetype. Time; Saturn moves slowly. Consequences. Consumption and decay. The eating of its own children, or rather, a form of self sacrifice and self consumption, to build something lasting, even if those externally don't understand how the containment and grind builds foundations for legacies behind the surface.
The predetermined cycle of domain and withdrawal speak to the inevitable cosmic experience, where the entire cosmos are burned and reset periodically. Uranus, Kronos, and Zeus are all shadowed by their prophecies of doing something or another to their kids to prevent being overthrown. Apollo/Sun eventually takes supreme authority. This is inline with ancient records that indicate the celestial bodies could have been closer to earth at one time with a different planetary order. Scholars are ancient cosmology argue there was a period Saturn was seen as the central sun before catastrophic cosmic rearrangements allowed for the sun and moon to become central to our existence as humans.
The point in sharing this back story is so you understand that Saturn carries both the memory of the Golden Age and the tragedy of the fall. So those who honor Saturn honor the pursuit of their duty, specialty, domain, or legacy. Consistency, containment, continual learning, and structured growth are foundational to life existence. Possibly this containment associated with Saturn even speaks to the structure of which we perceived our own reality.
Consumption and containment are fundamental to build something lasting. Legacy creators sacrifice comfort, ease, and immediate gratification for something greater that is to be used and benefited from by all of mankind. Saturn was the Sun before he was cast away and his legacy wasn't forgotten as the cosmic order was fundamental to human life at critical periods in our evolution.
Much of the mainstream discussion on Saturn worship fails to include full history that provides accurate context instead of misinformed conspiracy mumbo jumbo. The reason I believe Saturn has gotten such a bad rep is because when monotheistic traditions consolidated their theology, their neighbors (who were even relatives and communities they emerged from) were still worshipping planetary dieties, which was the main religious framework across ancient civilizations across the globe. When you're establishing a new religious order against existing ones you don't acknowledge the other gods as legitimate. You demonize them. The gods of your neighbors become false gods, corrupting influences. You genocide, rewrite history. You McGraw-Hill that b****!
Saturn represents things that are uncomfortable and that everyone struggles to integrate–Time destroys everything. Consequences are inescapable. Structure requires sacrifice. The slow grind is necessary but painful. Endings are real. Monotheistic traditions that emphasized eternal transcendence -life beyond death, escape from material limitation, divine rescue from consequence- were structurally in conflict with Saturn's fundamental message: that you cannot escape time, consequence, or limitation, you must work within them. While eternal transcendence is a wonderful topic to consider, effectively applying ourself to building something meaningful during our lifetimes, within the worldly constraints we have, is pragmatic and productive.
I will touch on where things get dark. There was child sacrifice practiced in the ancient Semite Canaanite culture. El is the supreme deity associated with Saturn, and Moloch represents the child-consuming aspect of that same tradition. El and Moloch represent the two faces of the Saturn archetype in Canaanite religion. El being the positive Saturnine face of cosmic order, ancient wisdom, divine authority, structured time. Moloch as the negative Saturnine face is devouring, the consumption of what you generated, fear driven destruction of your own offspring.
Hebrew monotheism sought to fix this unclear moral framework by keeping the positive El tradition and absorbing it into Yahweh's identity, while condemning the Moloch tradition as the defining abomination. The Saturnine archetype was split decisively: one face becomes holy, the other becomes the ultimate evil. As the memory of stories told of the pre-historic cosmic events fade away with forgotten history, the movement to organize groups of different beliefs into a consolidated organized society requires blind obedience from a sovereign god.
Organized monotheism required not just theological consolidation but epistemological monopoly. It wasn't enough to say our god is the true god. You had to ensure that the frameworks capable of generating alternative cosmologies (astronomy, natural philosophy, mystery traditions) are either absorbed, suppressed, or criminalized. You see this in the events that following: the burning of the Library of Alexandria, the persecution of Neoplatonists under Justinian, the Inquisition targeting natural philosophers, the condemnation of astrology while simultaneously using it in papal courts.
Saturn's bad reputation is itself a Saturnine phenomenon. Time, conquest, and the slow grinding rewriting of history buried the more complete understanding. He was consumed by the same forces he embodies, in perfect mythological self-consistency.