Regarding the question, "Have there ever been communist countries in history?"
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Hello,I realized that I think this frequently asked question is fundamentally wrong. "Have there ever been any communist countries in history?" Because, in a way, even the question itself is It seems like a bit of a misunderstanding. I'm just starting to learn about communism/socialism and, frankly, I haven't read many books on this subject yet, but I know the basic theories. So I want to know if my logic is correct or what your perspective or thoughts about this.
In my opinion, the wrongness of this question stems from theory. Because communism is indeed an economic system, but it's not a system that can be implemented instantly. Because of it bases its system on people. While it has an economic dimension, I think actually main goal is to create a society. For example, the difference between current modern society and a communist society lies in the necessity for society to abandon consumerism, to glorify production instead of consumption, and to understand the value of production that benefits society rather than individual gain. This requires individuals to be structured in a way that enables them to take action in their daily lives (such as engaging in production). And here, I've concluded that communism is actually more of a result than a constructive force. What matters is how well socialism develops individuals and how successfully it transforms generations and societies with this awareness.
Also, whether it's communism or socialism, countries first need to develop significantly for these things to happen. Because it's a system that aims to provide services like healthcare, housing, and education for free or at a very low cost. And this means a constant loss. Even though the public benefits from these services without paying for them, the costs of teachers, doctors, or even housing construction will all come from the state. So, even though individuals will grow up and contribute to society, it's still a financial loss for those sectors. This deficit needs to be covered either by paying a meager wage or by generating income in other sectors.
And communism isn't a system that can exist in just one country. Because while the aim of capitalism is to constantly profit from everything, even basic necessities, and almost all countries are capitalist, it's impossible for a communist country to exist. Neither in the past nor today. Because Almost all countries use this profit-based system and if one system tries to profit from everything it can find, even from the most basic needs. Another system aims to avoid charging for basic services that meet fundamental human needs. This second system, however, will likely weaken over time due to the profits, markets, and mechanisms of capitalism, and will become increasingly impoverished. Therefore, even if it doesn't happen worldwide, it could only emerge if many countries agree on socialism, just as many countries today agree on the capitalist system.
So communist countries can only exist after most countries in the world abandon this profit-making ambition (perhaps spontaneously, perhaps through revolution, it doesn't matter) and become socialist. So, it seems absurd for someone to say, "Yes, but in practice communism never worked." Communism never existed in practice, and probably neither we nor our children will ever see a truly communist country. Not because it's impossible, but because it's a system that will work over time and through cooperation. That's all. Thank you for reading.